{"id":1794,"date":"2025-03-26T16:52:05","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T16:52:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecoganic.eu\/programme-de-culture-biologique-de-mais-grain-zea-mays-avec-les-produits-ecoganic\/"},"modified":"2025-08-22T22:41:50","modified_gmt":"2025-08-22T22:41:50","slug":"programme-de-culture-biologique-de-mais-grain-zea-mays-avec-les-produits-ecoganic","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ecoganic.eu\/fr\/programme-de-culture-biologique-de-mais-grain-zea-mays-avec-les-produits-ecoganic\/","title":{"rendered":"Programme de culture biologique de ma\u00efs grain (Zea mays) avec les produits Ecoganic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction\u00a0: le ma\u00efs grain biologique comme base de la souverainet\u00e9 et de l\u2019exportation<\/h2>\n\n<p>Le <strong>ma\u00efs grain biologique (Zea mays)<\/strong> est l\u2019une des cultures les plus importantes au niveau mondial, tant pour sa valeur alimentaire que pour son utilisation dans les fourrages, l\u2019industrie et les biocarburants. Des pays comme l&rsquo;<strong>Argentine, le Mexique, le Br\u00e9sil, l\u2019Espagne et les \u00c9tats-Unis<\/strong> sont les principaux producteurs de ma\u00efs, et la demande internationale de <strong>ma\u00efs biologique certifi\u00e9<\/strong> a augment\u00e9 rapidement, en particulier pour les exportations vers l\u2019Europe, les \u00c9tats-Unis et l\u2019Asie.  <\/p>\n\n<p>La production biologique de ma\u00efs exige une planification agronomique d\u00e9taill\u00e9e, dans laquelle les ressources du sol et la biodiversit\u00e9 sont maximis\u00e9es et des produits biologiques certifi\u00e9s comme ceux d\u2019<a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ecoganic.eu\/fr\/\">Ecoganic<\/a> sont utilis\u00e9s. Cela permet de r\u00e9pondre aux exigences du <strong>r\u00e8glement (UE) 848\/2018<\/strong>, du <strong>NOP USDA<\/strong> et des certifications de commerce \u00e9quitable et de durabilit\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n<p>De plus, des institutions comme <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/latinamerica.fibl.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FiBL<\/a> et la <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/y1669s\/y1669s00.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FAO<\/a> recommandent l\u2019utilisation de biointrants, de techniques de conservation des sols, de rotations avec des l\u00e9gumineuses et d\u2019une fertilisation organique \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exigences agronomiques du ma\u00efs grain biologique<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Temp\u00e9rature optimale de d\u00e9veloppement\u00a0: 22\u201330\u00a0\u00b0C.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forte demande d\u2019<strong>azote, de phosphore et de potassium<\/strong>, surtout pendant la floraison et le remplissage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00e9cessite des sols profonds, avec une bonne structure et une bonne r\u00e9tention hydrique.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tr\u00e8s sensible au stress hydrique en V6 et R1 (floraison).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pr\u00e9sence fr\u00e9quente de ravageurs comme la l\u00e9gionnaire d\u2019automne, les pucerons et de maladies comme la br\u00fblure helminthosporienne, la fusariose, les pourridi\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Probl\u00e8mes courants et solutions avec Ecoganic<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Probl\u00e8me<\/th><th>Cons\u00e9quence agronomique<\/th><th>Solution Ecoganic<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Faible \u00e9mergence et vigueur initiale<\/td><td>Manque d\u2019uniformit\u00e9 des plantes<\/td><td><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ecoganic.eu\/producto\/bioestimulante-liquido-organico-ecoganic-boost-universal\/\">UNIVERSAL BOOST<\/a> + <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ecoganic.eu\/producto\/fertilizante-organico-con-acidos-fulvex50s\/\">FULVEX 50 S<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D\u00e9ficit d\u2019azote<\/td><td>Coloration p\u00e2le, faible croissance<\/td><td><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ecoganic.eu\/producto\/fertilizante-liquido-nitrogeno-16-organico-nitrotech\/\">NITROTECH 16\u00a0%<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Stress hydrique\/floral<\/td><td>Moins de nouaison et de rendement final<\/td><td>UNIVERSAL BOOST + PK-FLOW 20<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maladies du c\u0153ur et de la racine<\/td><td>Pourriture, br\u00fblure helminthosporienne, pertes de production<\/td><td><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ecoganic.eu\/producto\/ecoganix-bioprotector-enfermedades-aereas\/\">ECOGANIX<\/a> + <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ecoganic.eu\/producto\/proteccion-biologica-avanzada-contra-enfermedades-de-suelo\/\">SOILDES<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Carences en micronutriments<\/td><td>St\u00e9rilit\u00e9 partielle ou avortement des grains<\/td><td><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ecoganic.eu\/producto\/complejo-de-micronutrientes-organico\/\">MICRO PLUS<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phases de la culture et programme Ecoganic<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase\u00a01\u00a0: Semis et \u00e9mergence (0\u201320\u00a0jours)<\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Produit<\/th><th>Dose<\/th><th>Application<\/th><th>Objectif<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>FULVEX 50 S<\/td><td>2\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Arrosage\/fertirrigation<\/td><td>Am\u00e9liorer la structure du sol, stimulation racinaire<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UNIVERSAL BOOST<\/td><td>2\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Foliaire<\/td><td>Biostimulation en phase de d\u00e9marrage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NITROTECH 16\u00a0%<\/td><td>3\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Fertirrigation<\/td><td>Premier apport d\u2019azote<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase\u00a02\u00a0: D\u00e9veloppement v\u00e9g\u00e9tatif (V3\u2013V7, 21\u201345\u00a0jours)<\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Produit<\/th><th>Dose<\/th><th>Application<\/th><th>Objectif<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>NITROTECH 16\u00a0%<\/td><td>4\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Fertirrigation<\/td><td>D\u00e9veloppement de la biomasse<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MICRO PLUS<\/td><td>1\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Foliaire<\/td><td>Micronutriments cl\u00e9s (Zn, Mn, B)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>TOTALIN + ACARIN<\/td><td>1,5\u20132\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Foliaire<\/td><td>Lutte pr\u00e9ventive contre les ravageurs<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase\u00a03\u00a0: Floraison et pollinisation (R1, 45\u201365\u00a0jours)<\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Produit<\/th><th>Dose<\/th><th>Application<\/th><th>Objectif<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>PK-FLOW 20<\/td><td>2,5\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Fertirrigation<\/td><td>Nouaison optimale et stabilit\u00e9 hormonale<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CALCIUM 40 PLUS<\/td><td>2\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Foliaire<\/td><td>Meilleure formation du grain<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>UNIVERSAL BOOST<\/td><td>2\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Foliaire<\/td><td>R\u00e9duction du stress thermique<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase\u00a04\u00a0: Remplissage du grain et maturation (R2\u2013R5, 65\u2013100\u00a0jours)<\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Produit<\/th><th>Dose<\/th><th>Application<\/th><th>Objectif<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>PK-FLOW 20<\/td><td>3\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Fertirrigation<\/td><td>Grossissement des grains, accumulation de sucres<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CALCIUM 40 PLUS<\/td><td>2\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Foliaire<\/td><td>Fermet\u00e9, am\u00e9lioration du poids \u00e0 l\u2019hectolitre<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ECOGANIX<\/td><td>2\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Foliaire<\/td><td>Pr\u00e9vention des maladies foliaires<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase\u00a05\u00a0: Post-r\u00e9colte et r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration du lot<\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Produit<\/th><th>Dose<\/th><th>Application<\/th><th>Objectif<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>SOILDES<\/td><td>2\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Arrosage<\/td><td>Assainir le sol et lutter contre les agents pathog\u00e8nes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FULVEX 50 S<\/td><td>1\u00a0L\/ha<\/td><td>Fertirrigation<\/td><td>R\u00e9activer le biote du sol<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comparaison\u00a0: ma\u00efs conventionnel vs ma\u00efs biologique avec Ecoganic<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Variable<\/th><th>Conventionnel<\/th><th>Biologique Ecoganic<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Fertilisation<\/td><td>Ur\u00e9e, MAP, Chlorure<\/td><td>NITROTECH, PK-FLOW, CALCIUM, MICRO PLUS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ravageurs\/maladies<\/td><td>Pyr\u00e9thro\u00efdes, fongicides<\/td><td>TOTALIN, ECOGANIX, ACARIN, SOILDES<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sol<\/td><td>Us\u00e9, compact\u00e9<\/td><td>Activ\u00e9 avec FULVEX et des rotations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Co\u00fbt par ha<\/td><td>Inf\u00e9rieur<\/td><td>Similaire avec une valeur FAB plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Valeur commerciale (t biologique)<\/td><td>170\u2013200\u00a0$<\/td><td>280\u2013320\u00a0$\/t selon le march\u00e9 de l\u2019UE<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dur\u00e9e de vie utile du lot<\/td><td>2\u20133\u00a0cycles intenses<\/td><td>+4\u00a0cycles avec r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recommandations pratiques<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Faire une rotation avec du <strong>soja, des pois, des haricots ou du tr\u00e8fle<\/strong> pour r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer de l\u2019azote.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Augmenter la densit\u00e9 uniquement dans les sols avec une bonne structure et de la mati\u00e8re organique.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Effectuer des suivis hebdomadaires des insectes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Utiliser un paillis v\u00e9g\u00e9tal ou une couverture verte en pr\u00e9-campagne.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c9viter les arrosages prolong\u00e9s en pr\u00e9floraison.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u00e9sultats attendus avec la gestion Ecoganic<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Indicateur<\/th><th>R\u00e9sultat estim\u00e9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Rendement moyen (biologique)<\/td><td>6,5\u20139\u00a0t\/ha<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pourcentage de grains commercialisables<\/td><td>+85%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>R\u00e9duction des intrants synth\u00e9tiques<\/td><td>\u2013100\u00a0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Augmentation de la MO du sol (3\u00a0cycles)<\/td><td>+25%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Certification d\u2019exportation<\/td><td>Conforme aux normes de l\u2019UE et du NOP USDA<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction\u00a0: le ma\u00efs grain biologique comme base de la souverainet\u00e9 et de l\u2019exportation Le ma\u00efs grain biologique (Zea mays) est [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1695,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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